How To Handle Keyboard and Mouse Operation In Selenium Via Action class?

Keyboard and Mouse operations are two integral part of any application. More the reach UI more the complex operation. Here is a list of methods of action classe that is supported by Selenium in order to handle Mouse and Keyboard operations.

Keyboard Operations:

Operation	Syntax		Usage
KeyBoard	sendkeys()	It sends the string to the locator
	keyDown(keys modifier)	Takes the modifier key(shift,alt,control) as parameter and modifies the key	keys.SHIFT keys.ALT keys.CONTROL The exception generated is IllegalArgumentException
	keyDown(WebElement element,keys modifierKey)	Another flavor of the keyDown which the modifier key press action is performed on a webElement.
	keyUp	It is used to simulate the modifier key up or key release action. This methods needs to be invoked after a keyDown method
	keyUp(WebElement element,keys modifierKey)	Another flavor of the keyUp which the modifier key release action is performed on a webElement.
	sendKeys(CharacterSequence keysToSend)	It is used when we need to send sequence of keys to a currently focused webElement. It is helpful when using modifier keys and that can not be released on the element.
	sendKeys(WebElement element,CharacterSequence keysToSend)	Sends a sequence of keys to a webElement.
	`WebElement textbox=driver.findElement(By.locator_of_textbox); Action builder=new Action(driver); Action typeInCAPS=builder.keyDown(textbox,keys.SHIFT); .sendkeys(textbox,"abc"); .keyup(textbox,keys.SHIFT); .build(); typeInCAPS.perform();`

Mouse operations:

Operation	Syntax		Usage
Mouse	Click()	It clicks on the current mouse pointer	Best when used with mouse and keyboard events. Mostly a composite events
	Click(WebElement element)	It clicks on the middle of the webelement that is passed as a parameter.
	ClickAndHold()	Performs a click method without releasing the mouse button
	ClickAndHold(WebElement element)	It is used to Performs a click method without releasing the mouse button on a webelement
	ContextClick()	Performs a right click operation in the current location of the mouse.
	ContextClick(WebElement element)	Performs a right click operation in the current location of the mouse on an element.
	doubleClick()	Performs a double click operation in the current location of the mouse.
	doubleClick(WebElement element)	Performs a double click operation in the current location of the mouse on an element.
	dragAndDrop(WebElement fromElement,WebElement toElement)	Performs a drag and drop method from one element to other.
	dragAndDropBy(WebElement fromElement, xoffset,int yoffset)	performs drag and drop from element to a x,y position	Clicks on the webelement and drag to the x,y location and drops it
	moveByOffset(int xoffset,int yoffset)	Performs a move operation of the mouse pointer based on x and y
	moveToElement(WebElement toElement)	Performs a move operation to the webelement,
	moveToElement(WebElement element,int xoffset,int yoffset)	Performs a right click operation in the current location of the mouse on an element.	x,y calculation is done from the top left corner of the webelemnt specified.
	release()	Releases the pressed left mouse button at the current mouse position.
	release(WebElement element)	Releases the pressed left mouse button to an webelement
	build()	Generates the composite action
	`WebElement rtClickElement=driver.findElement(By.locator_of_element); Action rightClick=new Action(driver).contextClick(rtClickElement); rightClick.build().perform()` one more example can be as follows `WebElement fromElement=driver.findElement(By.locator_of_fromElement); WebElement toElement=driver.findElement(By.locator_of_toElement); Action builder=new Action(driver) Action dragAndDrop=builder.clickAndHold(fromElement) .moveToElement(toElement) .release(toElement) .build(); dragAndDrop.perform();`

Last item in this category is to discuss the Drag and Drop. With rich web interface,drag able web elements are very common now a days.Using Action class (an interface which represents a single user interaction) we can simulate the same thing while testing.

How To Handle Keyboard and Mouse Operation In Selenium Via Action class?

Umer Umer

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